See - 212140-41.pdf
"x x x.
It should be underscored that the conduct of a preliminary investigation is only for the determination of probable cause, and “probable cause merely implies probability of guilt and should be determined in a summary manner. A preliminary investigation is not a part of the trial and it is only in a trial where an accused can demand the full exercise of his rights, such as the right to confront and cross-examine his accusers to establish his innocence.”18 Thus, the rights of a respondent in a preliminary investigation are limited to those granted by procedural law.
x x x."
